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Excel Formulas for Beginners

Basics

Every formula starts with =. Prefer cell references so results update when inputs change.

=A2+B2
=A2*1.18
=SUM(C2:C100)

Relative vs absolute

=A2*$E$1

Learn these first

• SUM, AVERAGE, COUNT, COUNTA
• IF, IFS
• XLOOKUP (or VLOOKUP)
• SUMIFS, COUNTIFS
• TEXT, VALUE, TRIM

When errors appear, use the Error Directory.